2010年7月15日 星期四

The theory of planned behavior

Research dealing with various aspects of the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1985 and Ajzen, 1987) is reviewed, and some unresolved issues are discussed.
In broad terms, the theory is found to be well supported by empirical evidence.
Intentions to perform behaviors of different kinds can be predicted with high accuracy from attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control; and these intentions, together with perceptions of behavioral control, account for considerable variance in actual behavior.
Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control are shown to be related to appropriate sets of salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs about the behavior, but the exact nature of these relations is still uncertain.
Expectancy-value formulations are found to be only partly successful in dealing with these relations. Optimal rescaling of expectancy and value measures is offered as a means of dealing with measurement limitations.
Finally, inclusion of past behavior in the prediction equation is shown to provide a means of testing the theory's sufficiency, another issue that remains unresolved.
The limited available evidence concerning this question shows that the theory is predicting behavior quite well in comparison to the ceiling imposed by behavioral reliability.
研究處理各方面的計劃行為理論(艾贊,1985年和艾贊,1987)進行審查,一些懸而未決的問題進行了討論。
從廣義上講,這個理論是發現和支持的經驗證據。
意圖來執行不同類型的行為可預測精度高的態度對待的行為,主觀規範,知覺行為控制,而這些意圖,加上觀念的行為控制,佔了相當大的差異,在實際的行為。
態度,主觀規範,知覺行為控制的有關證明是適當套突出的行為,規範和控制信念有關的行為,但對這些關係的確切性質仍是未知數。
預期值配方被發現只有部分成功地處理這些關係。重新調整優化的期望與價值的措施是提供一個處理測量手段的限制。
最後,包容過去的行為表現的預測方程的一種手段提供了理論測試的充分性,另一個問題仍然沒有解決。
有限的現有證據表明,關於這個問題的理論預測的行為是比較不錯的上限實行行為的可靠性。