Jay, Gina Marie (1989). The influence of direct computer experience on older
adults' computer attitudes, skills, and continued use. Ph.D. dissertation, The
Pennsylvania State University, United States -- Pennsylvania. Retrieved March
24, 2010, from Dissertations & Theses: A&I.(Publication No. AAT 9018231).
這是一篇研究高齡者電腦態度、技巧、與繼續使用電腦與電腦經驗的相關影響論文
***** Abstract (Summary) *****
The purpose of the study was fivefold.
First, individual difference correlates and predictors of older adults' computer attitudes were examined.
Second, the study explored whether older adults' attitudes toward computers became more positive as a function of direct computer experience.
Third, older adults'ability to acquire computer text and graphics skills, via training procedures,was evaluated.
Fourth, the study determined the temporal maintenance of attitude change and computer skills over a two-week interval followingtraining.
Fifth, the relationship between computer attitudes and computer use was examined.
研究目的有5項
首先，個體差異的關聯和預測老年人的電腦的態度進行了研究。
第二，這項研究探討老年人是否對電腦的態度變得更加積極的作用，作為計算機的直接經驗。
第三，老年人成年人能力獲得電腦的文字和圖形技能，通過培訓程序，進行了評價。
第四，研究確定了維修時間改變態度和計算機技能超過兩個星期的時間間隔下列培訓。
第五，計算機之間的關係的態度和計算機曾考慮使用。
The project involved a computer training intervention in which community dwelling older adults (aged 57-87) participated in a two-week training program to acquire computer skills.
One hundred and one older adults from central Pennsylvania participated in the wait-list design study.
Following training, participants were provided with the opportunity to engage in self-directed computer use.
Maintenance of training effects was assessed at two weeks following training.
該項目涉及計算機培訓干預居住在該社區老年人（57-87歲）參加了為期兩週的培訓計劃，掌握計算機技能的。
有101名老年人美國賓夕法尼亞州參加了等待名單的設計研究。
經培訓後，參加者提供了機會進行自我導向的電腦使用。
維修培訓效果進行評估在兩個星期的訓練。
The results indicated that correlates and predictors of computer attitudes and
skill included demographic variables, indirect experience, locus of control
beliefs and cognitive abilities.
The results further indicated that direct computer experience was an effective means of positively changing older adults'computer attitudes and enhancing computer knowledge and skill.
Training was most effective in changing the attitude dimensions most closely targeted by the training program, although limited transfer of training effects was also apparent.
Moreover, changes in attitudes and skill were maintained for a period of at least two weeks following training.
Mediators of attitude change included subjective ratings of the software program or computer training experience,perceptions of others' reactions to the computer experience, and computer skill.
In addition, more positive computer attitudes predicted computer use following the training program.
Prediction of computer use was greatly enhanced when moderator variables were considered in the model.
結果表明，關聯和預測的計算機的態度和技能，包括人口統計學變量，間接經驗，內外控信念和認知能力。
測試結果進一步表明，計算機直接經驗是一種有效的手段，積極改變老年人的電腦態度，增強計算機知識和技能。
培訓是最有效的改變態度方面的目標最密切的培訓計劃，儘管是有限的轉移培訓效果也很明顯。
此外，改變態度和技巧保持了期限至少兩個星期的訓練。
調解員的態度有所轉變，包括主觀評價的計算機軟件程序或培訓經驗，認識他人的反應到計算機的經驗，和計算機技能。
此外，更積極的態度，預測計算機後，計算機使用培訓。
預測計算機的使用大大提高了當主持人變量在模型中考慮。
此篇論文可做為為何要量測電腦態度的一個有力文獻，研究結果顯示，電腦態度受到人口變項；間接經驗、內控信念、認知能力的影響，而電腦直接的經驗有助於改變高齡者的電腦態度，及其電腦知識與技能，而教育訓練可以改變電腦態度，但其學習遷移的效果並不明顯，而訓練的效果至少維持兩週，而論文研究的結果分析出影響電腦態度的因素計有電腦訓練經驗、對軟體的主觀評價、其他人的電腦經驗及電腦技巧。再者，其分析出對電腦的態度愈正面，更會想使用電腦。
其後來在期刊上的論文
Influence of Direct Computer Experience on Older Adults' Attitudes Toward Computers
Adults' Attitudes Toward Computers
Gina M. Jay1 and Sherry L. Willis2
+ Author Affiliations
1Survey Research Center, the University of Michigan
2Epartment of Human Development and Family Studies, the Pennsylvania State University
Received August 30, 1990.
Accepted November 11, 1991.
Abstract
This research examined whether older adults' attitudes toward computers became more positive as a function of computer experience. The sample comprised 101 community-dwelling older adults aged 57 to 87. The intervention in volved a 2-week computer training program in which subjects learned to use a desktop publishing software program. A multidimensional computer attitude measure was used to assess differential attitude change and maintenance of change following training. The results indicated that older adults' computer attitudes are modifiable and that direct computer experience is an effective means of change. Attitude change as a function of training was found for the attitude dimensions targeted by the intervention program: computer comfort and efficacy. In addition, maintenance of attitude change was established for at least two weeks following training
這項研究有否研究老年人的態度對計算機變得更積極的作為函數的計算機經驗。
樣本包括101社區居住的老年人57歲至87。
在volved干預 2週計算機培訓計劃，其中科目學習使用桌面出版軟件程序。
多維計算機態度措施是用來評估不同態度的改變和維修培訓後的變化。
結果表明，老年人的電腦態度改變的，沒有直接的計算機經驗的一種有效手段的變化。
態度的轉變為一個函數的培訓是發現針對的態度方面的干預方案：計算機的舒適性和有效性。
此外，維修態度的轉變是建立至少兩個星期的訓練
此篇在期刊上的論文是與其博士論文結果上雷同，其中態度的轉變取決於電腦訓練中的電腦的舒適性與有效性
